About CBSE

What is CBSE? Affiliates of CBSE

The Central Board of Secondary Education (abbreviated as CBSE) is a Board of Education for public and private schools, under the Union Government of India. The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) established in the year 1929, enjoys today the distinction of being one of the oldest and largest Board of Secondary Education in India. It has More than 16,000 affiliated schools in India and across 24 other countries of the world.

The CBSE envisions a robust, vibrant and holistic school education that will engender excellence in every sphere of human endeavor. The Board is committed to provide quality education to promote intellectual, social and cultural vivacity among its learners. It works toward evolving a learning process and environment, which empowers the future citizens to become global leader in the emerging knowledge society. The Board advocates Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation with an emphasis on holistic development of learners. The Board commits itself to provide a stress-free learning environment that will develop competent, confident and enterprising citizens who will promote harmony and peace.

Affiliates of CBSE

CBSE affiliates all Kendriya Vidyalayas, all Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalayas, private schools and most of the schools approved by central government of India.

CBSE Class 12 Syllabus (Theory & Practical)

I. Physics Theory Syllabus for CBSE Class 12

S.No	Chapter
1	Electric Charges and Fields
2	Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
3	Current Electricity
4	Moving Charges and Magnetism
5	Magnetism and Matter
6	Electromagnetic Induction
7	Alternating Current
8	Electromagnetic Waves
9	Ray optics and optical instruments
10	Wave Optics
11	Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
12	Atoms
13	Nuclei
14	Semiconductor Electronics : Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits
15	Communication Systems

II. Chemistry Theory Syllabus for CBSE Class 12

S.No	Chapter
1	Solid State
2	Solutions
3	Electrochemistry
4	Chemical Kinetics
5	Surface Chemistry
6	Isolation of Elements
7	P-block elements
8	D and f-block elements
9	Coordination Compounds
10	Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
11	Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
12	Aldehydes, Ketons and Carboxylic acids
13	Organic Compounds containing Nitrogen
14	Biomolecules
15	Polymers
16	Chemistry in everyday life

III. Mathematics Theory Syllabus for CBSE Class 12

S.No	Chapter
1	Relations and Functions
2	Inverse trigonometric functions
3	Matrices
4	Determinants
5	Continuity and Differentiability
6	Application of derivatives
7	Integrals
8	Applications of integrals
9	Differential equations
10	Vectors
11	Three-dimensional geometry
12	Linear Programming
13	Probability

IV. Biology Theory Syllabus for CBSE Class 12

S.No	Chapter
1	Reproduction in organisms
2	Sexual reproduction in Flowering plants
3	Human reproduction
4	Reproductive health
5	Principles of inheritance and variation
6	Molecular basis of inheritance
7	Evolution
8	Human health and diseases
9	Strategies for enhancement in Food production
10	Microbes in human welfare
11	Biotechnology-principles and its application
12	Biotechnology and its applications
13	Organism and Populations
14	Ecosystem
15	Biodiversity and its conservation
16	Environmental issues

CBSE Class 12 Syllabus (Practical)

I. Physics Practical Syllabus for CBSE Class 12

S.No	Chapter
1	Two experiments one from each section.
2	Practical record [experiments and activities.
3	Investigatory Project.
4	Viva on experiments, activities and project.

II. Chemistry Practical Syllabus for CBSE Class 12

S.No	Chapter
1	Volumetric Analysis
2	Salt Analysis
3	Content Based Experiment
4	Project work

III. Biology Practical Syllabus for CBSE Class 12

S.No	Chapter
1	One Major Experiment
2	One Minor Experiment
3	Slide Preparation
4	Spotting
5	Practical Record + Viva Voce
6	Project Record + Viva Voce

Scheme of Examinations (Senior School Certificate Examinations)

• The Board shall conduct examination in all subjects except General Studies, Work Experience, Physical and Health Education, which will be assessed internally by the Schools.
• In all subjects examined by the Board, a student will be given one paper each carrying 100 marks for 3 hours. However, in subjects requiring practical examination, there will be a theory paper and a practical examination as required in the syllabi and courses.
• In Work Experience, General Studies and Physical and Health Education, the schools will maintain cumulative records of students periodical achievements and progress during the year. These records are subject to the scrutiny of the Board as and when deemed fit.
• A candidate from a recognised school who has some physical deformity or is otherwise unable to take part in Work Experience and Physical and Health Education, may be granted exemption by the Chairman on the recommendations of the Head of the Institution, supported by medical certificate from a Medical Officer of the rank not below an Assistant Surgeon.
• Private/Patrachar Vidyalaya and candidates sponsored by Adult Schools shall be exempted from Work Experience, General Studies and Physical and Health Education.
• A candidate may offer an additional subject which can be either a language at elective level or another elective subject as prescribed in the Scheme of Studies, subject to the conditions laid down in the Pass Criteria

CBSE Exam Paper Pattern for Class 12

Marks Distribution

I. Physics / Chemistry / Biology Exam Paper Pattern for CBSE Class 12

Type of Question	Marks per Question	Total No. of Questions	Total Marks
Very Short Answers (VSA)	1	5	05
Short Answer-I (SA-I)	2	5	10
Short Answer-II (SA-II)	3	12	36
Value Based Question (VBQ)	4	1	04
Long Answer (LA)	5	3	15
Total		26	70

II. Mathematics Exam Paper Pattern for CBSE Class 12

Type of Question	Marks per Question	Total No. of Questions	Total Marks
Very Short Answers (VSA)	1	6	06
Long Answer-I (LA-I)	4	13	52
Long Answer-II (LA-II)	6	7	42
Total		26	100

Grading System of CBSE

Assessment of theory/practical papers in external subjects shall be in numerical scores. In addition to numerical scores, the Board shall indicate grades in the marks sheets issued to the candidates in case of subjects of external examinations.

In case of internal assessment subjects, only grades shall be shown.

The qualifying marks in each subject of external examination shall be 33% at Secondary/Senior School Certificate Examinations. However, at Senior School Certificate Examination, in a subject involving practical work, a candidate must obtain 33% marks in the theory and 33% marks in the practical separately in addition to 33% marks in aggregate, in order to qualify in that subject.

For awarding the grades, the Board shall put all the passed students in a rank order and will award grades as follows:

Grade	Marks Range
A1	91-100
A2	81-90
B1	71-80
B2	61-70
C1	51-60
C2	41-50
D	33-40
E1	21-32
E2	0-20

CBSE Class 12 Passing Criteria

• A candidate will be eligible to get the Pass Certificate of the Board, if he/she gets a grade higher than E in all subjects of internal assessment unless he/she is exempted. Failing this, result of the external examination will be withheld but not for a period of more than one year.
• In order to be declared as having passed the examination, a candidate shall obtain a grade higher than E (i.e. atleast 33% marks) in all the five subjects of external examination in the main or at the compartmental examinations. The pass marks in each subject of external examination shall be 33%. In case of a subject involving practical work a candidate must obtain 33% marks in theory and 33% marks in practical separately in addition to 33% marks in aggregate in order to qualify in that subject.
• No overall division/distinction/aggregate shall be awarded.
• In respect of a candidate offering an additional subject, the following norms shall be applied:
• A language offered as an additional subject may replace a language in the event of a candidate failing in the same provided after replacement the candidate has English/Hindi as one of the languages.
• An elective subject offered as an additional subject may replace one of the elective subjects offered by the candidate.It may also replace a language provided after replacement the candidate has English/Hindi as one of the languages.
• Additional language offered at elective level may replace an elective subject provided after replacement, the number of languages offered shall not exceed two.
• Candidates exempted from one or more subjects of internal examination shall be eligible for appearing in external examination and result shall be declared subject to fulfilment of other conditions laid down in the Pass Criteria.

CBSE Merit Certificates

• The Board will award Merit Certificates in each subject to the top 0.1 % of candidates passing that subject, provided that they have passed the examination as per the pass criteria of the Board.
• The number of Merit Certificates in a subject, will be determined by rounding of the number of candidates passing the subject to the nearest multiple of thousand. If the number of candidates passing a subject is less than 500, no merit certificate will be issued.
• In the matter of a tie, if one student gets a Merit Certificate, all candidates getting that score will get the Merit Certificate.

Eligibility for Compartment in CBSE Class 12 Examination

A candidate failing in one of the five subjects of external examination shall be placed in compartment in that subject provided he/she qualifies in all the subjects of internal assessment.

Retention of Practical Marks for Failure Candidates of CBSE Class 12 Examination

A candidate who has failed In the examination in the first attempt shall be required, to re-appear in all the subjects at the subsequent annual examination of the Board. He/she shall appear only in theory part and his/her previous practical marks will be carried forward and accounted for if he/she has passed in practical. In case a candidate has failed in practical he/she shall have to appear in theory and practical both. If he/she fails to pass the examination in two consecutive years, after the first attempt he/she shall have to reappear in all the subjects including practical.

Improvement of Performance in Boards

• A candidate who has passed an examination of the Board may reappear for improvement of performance in one or more subject(s) in the main examination in the succeeding year only; however, a candidate who has passed an examination of the Board under Vocational Scheme may reappear for improvement of performance in one or more subject(s) in the main examination in the succeeding year or in the following year provided he/she has not pursued higher studies in the meantime. He /she will appear as private candidate. Those appearing for the whole examination may however appear as regular school candidates also if admitted by the school as regular students. In no case, a candidate shall be allowed more than one chance for improvement of his performance.
• For subjects involving practical work, in case the candidate has passed in practical at the main examination, he/she shall be allowed to appear in the theory part only and marks in practical obtained at the main examination shall be carried forward and accounted for. In case a candidate has failed in practical he/she shall have to appear in theory and practical both irrespective of the fact that he/she has already cleared the theory examination.
• Candidates who appear for improvement of performance will be issued only Statement of Marks reflecting the marks of the main examination as well as those of the improvement examination.
• A candidate appearing for improvement of performance in one or more subjects cannot appear for additional subject simultaneously.