Equivalent mass of element
Number of parts by mass of an element which reacts or displaces from a compound 1.008 parts by mass
of hydrogen, 8 parts by mass of oxygen and 35.5 parts by mass of chlorine, is known as the equivalent
weight of that element.
1 Equivalent mass is a pure number which, when expressed in gram, is called gram equivalent mass.
2 The equivalent mass of substance may have different values under different conditions.
1 For Elements :
Valency factor = valency of the element
Normality of a solution is defined as the number of equivalents of solute present in one litre (1000 mL) solution.
Let V mL of a solution is prepared by dissolving W g of solute of equivalent weight E in water.
The law states that one equivalent of an element combine with one equivalent of the
other. In a chemical reaction, equivalents and milli equivalents of reactants react in equal
amount to give same number of equivalents or milli equivalents of products separately.
Titration is a procedure for determining the concentration of a solution by allowing a carefully measured volume
to react with a standard solution of another substance, whose concentration is known.
1 KMnO4 is generally used as oxidising agent in acidic medium, generally provided by dilute H2SO4 .
Compound containing iodine are widely used in titrations
The weight of available Cl2 released from the given sample of bleaching powder on reaction with dilute
acids or CO2 is called available chlorine.
